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Best Open-Source Compiler Toolchain for AVR Microcontrollers:The avr-gcc toolchain (part of the GNU Compiler Collection) remains the gold standard for AVR microcontrollers and is expected to stay relevant in 2025. Key reasons include: Alternatives: Is SDCC Still Relevant in 2025 for AVR? SDCC is not a primary choice for AVR development. Its relevance in 2025…

Below is an expert-level comparison of several popular ESP‑32 microcontroller variants, focusing on their CPU architectures, core counts, and peripheral sets. — 1. Original ESP‑32 CPU Architecture & Cores:The original ESP‑32 is built around a dual‑core Tensilica Xtensa LX6 processor running at up to 240 MHz. The dual‑core design is well‑suited for multitasking and parallel processing…

Below is an expert comparison of RISC‑V and ARM processors from an embedded systems engineering perspective, focusing on programmability, toolchains, and programming languages. — 1. Architectural and Programmability Considerations RISC‑V Open and Modular Design:RISC‑V is an open-source ISA that allows engineers to customize the processor by selecting only the necessary extensions (e.g., integer, floating-point, vector,…

ARM processors have evolved over several decades, and you can broadly classify them both by their architectural versions (like ARMv4 through ARMv8 and beyond) and by their target families (such as Cortex‑A, Cortex‑R, and Cortex‑M). Each generation and family brings changes to both the register set and the instruction set. Here’s a breakdown: — 1….

In the fight against financial fraud, traditional detection systems often face challenges in identifying subtle patterns, processing large volumes of transactional data, and optimizing decision-making processes. Quantum computing, with its ability to solve complex problems faster and more efficiently, is emerging as a revolutionary tool in this domain. Amazon Braket, AWS’s quantum computing service, provides…

Onomondo is a company that’s headquartered in Copenhagen Denmark, they have pioneered a SIM solution for IoT devices that are expected to cross international borders (think freight containers and high value parcels). Here is a comprehensive article that discusses in detail how Onomondo’s solution is being used in the manufacturing industry. https://onomondo.com/blog/iot-in-manufacturing-how-iot-is-transforming-the-manufacturing-industry/

The ESP32-P4 has been announced by Espressive Systems with a RISC-V core and AI instructions. Powered by a dual-core RISC-V CPU running up to 400MHz, ESP32-P4 also supports single-precision FPU and AI extensions, thus providing all the necessary computational resources. In addition, ESP32-P4 integrates an LP-Core which can run up to 40MHz. This “big-little” architecture…

If you are looking for a super cheap replacement for something that lies between an ATTiny and an Arduino Mini, and costs around the same as the ATTiny; you should have a look as the CH55X based boards available these days. I was able to get a handful from AliExpress for $1.31 each. The CH552…

This is a starting guide for the impatient, gets you off the ground using your trusty G540 programmer in no time. This guide doesn’t assume you know how to write WinCUPL code, hence example code for a scenario is provided.